HSRP(VRRP) 실습 - Packet Tracer

VRRP란? - Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol feat.HSRP

VRRP란? - Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol feat.HSRP

 

 

HSRP(VRRP) 실습 - 패킷트레이서는 HSRP만 지원한다.

예상 구성도 작성

 

L3#1, L3#2 VLAN 구성, IP 부여

L3#1(config)#vl 1
L3#1(config-vlan)#na VLAN1
Default VLAN 1 may not have its name changed. // vlan 1은 default vlan이라 name 설정 불가능
L3#1(config-vlan)#exit

L3#1(config)#int vl 1
L3#1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0
L3#1(config-if)#no sh // vlan 1은 기본적으로 shutdown 상태
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan1, changed state to up
L3#1(config-if)#exit

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

L3#2(config)#int vl 1
L3#2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.253 255.255.255.0
L3#2(config-if)#no sh
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan1, changed state to up
L3#2(config-if)#exit

 

L3#1, L3#2 인터페이스 VLAN 설정

L3#1(config)#int fa 0/23
L3#1(config-if)#sw mo ac
L3#1(config-if)#sw ac vl 1
L3#1(config-if)#exit
L3#1(config)#int fa 0/24
L3#1(config-if)#sw mo ac
L3#1(config-if)#sw ac vl 1
L3#1(config-if)#^Z
L3#1#

 

sw mo ac 명령어를 입력하면서 어떠한 의구심이 들지 않았다면 당신은 잘못된 것 이다.

 

VLAN(Virtual LAN)의 개념

VLAN(Virtual LAN)의 개념

 

상단의 개념을 다시 보고 오도록 하자.

 

L3#1 과 L3#2 VIP 연결을 위한 인터페이스 IP 부여

L3#1(config)#int gi 0/1
L3#1(config-if)#no switchport // 스위치포트로 사용하지 않겠다.
L3#1(config-if)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up

L3#1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
L3#1(config-if)#exit

-----------------------------------------------

L3#2(config)#int gi 0/1
L3#2(config-if)#no sw
L3#2(config-if)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up

L3#2(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
L3#2(config-if)#exit

 

L3#1 과 L3#2 HSRP 설정

L3#1(config)#int gi 0/1
L3#1(config-if)#standby ? // HSRP 는 standby로 시작
  <0-4095>  group number
  ip        Enable HSRP and set the virtual IP address
  preempt   Overthrow lower priority Active routers
  priority  Priority level
  timers    Hello and hold timers
  track     Priority Tracking
  version   HSRP version
L3#1(config-if)#standby 1 ? // standby 뒤 숫자는 그룹이고 안적을경우 0으로 자동 적용
  A.B.C.D   Virtual IP address
  ip        Enable HSRP and set the virtual IP address
  ipv6      Enable HSRP IPv6
  preempt   Overthrow lower priority Active routers
  priority  Priority level
  timers    Hello and hold timers
  track     Priority Tracking
L3#1(config-if)#standby 1 ip 1.1.1.1 // VIP설정, 자신의 RIP로도 설정할 수 있음
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: GigabitEthernet0/1 Grp 1 state Speak -> Standby
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: GigabitEthernet0/1 Grp 1 state S
L3#1(config-if)#standby 1 preempt // 복구시 다시 Active 로 변경
L3#1(config-if)#standby 1 timers 5 30 // 5초마다 통신, 끊길경우 30초후에 넘기거나 받음
L3#1(config-if)#exit

---------------------------------------------------------

L3#2(config)#int gi 0/1
L3#2(config-if)#standby 1 ip 1.1.1.1
L3#2(config-if)#standby preempt 
L3#2(config-if)#standby 1 timers 5 30
L3#2(config-if)#standby 1 priority 105 // 기본값 100
%HSRP-6-STATECHANGE: GigabitEthernet0/1 Grp 1 state Speak -> Standby
L3#2(config-if)#exit

 

L3#1, L3#2 HSRP 확인

L3#1#sh standby
GigabitEthernet0/1 - Group 1
  State is Active
    5 state changes, last state change 01:26:40
  Virtual IP address is 1.1.1.1
  Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0C07.AC01
    Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0C07.AC01 (v1 default)
  Hello time 5 sec, hold time 30 sec
    Next hello sent in 2.487 secs
  Preemption enabled
  Active router is local
  Standby router is 1.1.1.2
  Priority 100 (default 100)
  Group name is hsrp-Gig0/1-1 (default)
  
  -------------------------------------------------
  
  L3#2#sh standby
GigabitEthernet0/1 - Group 1
  State is Standby
    3 state changes, last state change 01:32:18
  Virtual IP address is 1.1.1.1
  Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0C07.AC01
    Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0C07.AC01 (v1 default)
  Hello time 5 sec, hold time 30 sec
    Next hello sent in 1.914 secs
  Preemption disabled
  Active router is 1.1.1.1
  Standby router is local
  Priority 105 (configured 105)
  Group name is hsrp-Gig0/1-1 (default)

 

HSRP(VRRP)가 잘 작동되는지 테스트

 

상황 부여를 위해 L3#1의 VIP 포트를 셧다운

 

Active로 바뀐 것 확인

L3#2#sh standby
GigabitEthernet0/1 - Group 1
  State is Active
    4 state changes, last state change 01:44:22
  Virtual IP address is 1.1.1.1
  Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0C07.AC01
    Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0C07.AC01 (v1 default)
  Hello time 5 sec, hold time 30 sec
    Next hello sent in 2.79 secs
  Preemption disabled
  Active router is local
  Standby router is unknown
  Priority 105 (configured 105)

 

 

사용자단에서 테스트를 할꺼면 이런식으로 구성하는것이 좋다.

 

HSRP(VRRP)는 STP와 병행하여 설정하는것이 좋기때문에 바로 다음에 STP를 해보도록 하자.

 

STP(Spanning-Tree Protocol) 실습 .feat HSRP(VRRP) - Packet Tracer